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  <title>    Presentation of the Movements – Abstraction - Museum TV
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        <h1 class="t-article">Presentation of the Movements – Abstraction</h1>
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        <div class="author_publish">Berthille Lorillou</div>
        <div class="date_publish">Publié le
          25 July 2025</div>
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      <img width="1024" height="648" src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-1024x648.webp" class=" wp-post-image" alt="Presentation of the Movements – Abstraction" loading="lazy" onerror="handleError(this)" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-1024x648.webp 1024w, https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-300x190.webp 300w, https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-768x486.webp 768w, https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-1536x972.webp 1536w, https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Une-Abstrait-2048x1296.webp 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" />
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    <div class="wp-content"><p><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><span class="TextRun SCXW19009090 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19009090 BCX0">The beginning of the <a href="https://www.musee-orsay.fr/fr/agenda/expositions/aux-origines-de-labstraction-1800-1914?cHash=e20d3c4bee&amp;tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=252&amp;tx_ttnews%5Bswords%5D=kupka">abstract art adventure</a> was recorded in 1910. This date refers to a watercolor by<strong> Wassily Kandinsky</strong> (1866-1944). It </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW19009090 BCX0">is considered to be</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19009090 BCX0"> his first abstract watercolor. A hypothesis is made about the intended use or the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19009090 BCX0">subsequent</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19009090 BCX0"> decision to create an oil on canvas from this sketch.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW19009090 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{}"> </span></p>
<p><!-- /wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:image {"id":226454,"sizeSlug":"full","linkDestination":"none","align":"center","translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Kandinsky-sans-titre.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226454" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Wassily Kandinsky, Untitled, 1913, graphite, India ink and watercolor on paper, 49.6 x 64.8 cm </figcaption></figure>
<p><!-- /wp:image --><!-- wp:image {"id":226457,"sizeSlug":"full","linkDestination":"none","align":"center","translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/kandinsky-composition-VII.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226457" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, oil on canvas, 1913, Moscow, Tretyakov Gallery </figcaption></figure>
<p><!-- /wp:image --><!-- wp:heading {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span data-contrast="auto"> </span><span data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span><b><span data-contrast="auto">The Development of Principles</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></h2>
<p><!-- /wp:heading --><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><span class="TextRun SCXW244272140 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW244272140 BCX0">Like any artistic innovation, such a change in style is only possible through a slow and deliberate evolution, influenced by </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW244272140 BCX0">previous</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW244272140 BCX0"> revolutions. In the case of abstraction, it was <a href="https://museedemontmartre.fr/le-fauvisme/#:~:text=Le%20mouvement%20du%20fauvisme%20est,lors%20du%20Salon%20d'Automne."><strong>Fauvism</strong></a> and<a href="https://www.beauxarts.com/grand-format/le-cubisme-en-3-minutes/#:~:text=Le%20cubisme%20fut%20l'un,Fernand%20L%C3%A9ger%20et%20Robert%20Delaunay."><strong> Cubism</strong></a> that allowed the development of these forms without narrative representation. Abstract artists, before finding their path to fulfillment, also, in most cases, began with a figurative approach.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW244272140 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
<p><!-- /wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><span data-contrast="auto">This time, geometric or stylized forms are an end in themselves and are not subordinate to other elements. This is <strong>abstraction for Abstraction's sake</strong>.</span><span data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span><span data-contrast="auto">Moreover, the early 20th century was a time of great scientific discoveries, such as Albert Einstein's (1879-1955) theory of relativity and quantum physics. The latter was developed with the help of several great physicists, including <a href="https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/personnalites/physique-max-planck-409/">Max Planck</a> (1858-1947) and <a href="https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/personnalites/physique-albert-einstein-205/">Albert Einstein.</a></span><span data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
<p><!-- /wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">These major achievements </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">demonstrate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0"> the extent of what we lack knowledge about. They give concrete </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">expression</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0"> to the quotes of the philosophers </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW155395663 BCX0">Confucius </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW155395663 BCX0">:</span> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">“</span></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">True knowledge is to know the extent of one's ignorance”</span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0"> and </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW155395663 BCX0">Socrates </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW155395663 BCX0">:</span> <strong><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">“</span></strong></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">The first knowledge is the knowledge of one's ignorance: this is the beginning of intelligence</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">”</span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW155395663 BCX0">.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW155395663 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> <span class="TextRun SCXW249788458 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW249788458 BCX0">Thus, each Abstractionist artist has their own visions of the abstract. Each viewer can see in them a reflection of their ideologies or </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW249788458 BCX0">history, or</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW249788458 BCX0"> adhere to the vision of the artist who conceived the work. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW249788458 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></span></p>
<p><!-- /wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:heading {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="TextRun SCXW246228722 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW246228722 BCX0">Founding Fathers</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW246228722 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></h2>
<p><!-- /wp:heading --><!-- wp:list --></p>
<ul class="wp-block-list"><!-- wp:list-item {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<li>Lyrical Abstraction </li>
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<p><a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/offre-aux-professionnels/enseignants/dossiers-ressources-sur-lart/naissance-de-lart-abstrait/vassily-kandinsky"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0">V</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0">assily Kandinsky</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0"> is, in his approach to abstraction, the precursor of </span></span><a href="https://www.amesauvage.com/blog/abstraction-lyrique-peinture-n645"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0">lyrical abstraction</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0"><a href="https://www.amesauvage.com/blog/abstraction-lyrique-peinture-n645"><strong>.</strong></a> He suffered from synesthesia, </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW23120865 BCX0">the confusion</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0"> of several senses, in this case hearing and sight. The ambivalence of the senses is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0">evident</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW23120865 BCX0"> in the names he gave his works. The artist played with colors and black lines to give speed and a certain dynamism to his compositions. The emphasis was placed on freedom of thought and the demonstration of emotions.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW23120865 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/kandinsky-composition-X.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226456" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><a href="https://www.wassilykandinsky.net/work-62.php"><span class="TextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0" lang="DE-DE" xml:lang="DE-DE" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0">Wassily Kandinsky, </span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0" lang="DE-DE" xml:lang="DE-DE" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW214142952 BCX0">Composition</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0"> X</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0" lang="DE-DE" xml:lang="DE-DE" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0">, 1939, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW214142952 BCX0">oil</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0"> on </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW214142952 BCX0">canvas</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW214142952 BCX0">, 130 x 195 cm, Germany, Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW214142952 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/kandinsky-ovale-rouge.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226455" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Wassily Kandinsky, Red Oval, 1920, oil on canvas, 71.6 x 71.2 cm, New York, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum  </figcaption></figure>
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<ul class="wp-block-list"><!-- wp:list-item {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<li>Geometric Abstraction  </li>
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<p><!-- /wp:list --><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><a href="https://www.riseart.com/fr/article/2589/piet-mondrian-puriste-des-lignes-et-couleurs?srsltid=AfmBOooFlJvFZOb2f2Y_X2WyP5pwx_dpnBl0uno-tM6MWpCy6ZIVLAJU"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0">Piet Mondrian</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0"> (1872-1944) was a follower of <strong>theosophy</strong>. This school of thought, developed in the 19th century, advocated the contemplation of the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0">universe</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW180273080 BCX0"> and aimed to achieve a profound understanding of spiritual or divine truths. The soul must detach itself from earthly contingencies.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW180273080 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/mondrian-evolution.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226449" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0">Piet Mondrian, </span></span><a href="https://arthive.com/fr/pietmondrian/works/383641~volution"><span class="TextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0">Evolution</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW168525793 BCX0">, circa 1910-1911, oil on canvas, 183 x 87 cm (central panel), 178 x 85 cm (side panels), The Hague, Municipal Museum of Modern Art</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW168525793 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<p>The figure on the left and the two tulips on its shoulders symbolize the earthly world; the figure on the right, with the two stars, symbolizes the celestial world. The central figure is a fulfilled soul entering the celestial realm. </p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/mondrian-arbre-gris.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226451" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0">Piet Mondrian, </span></span><a href="https://sites.ac-nancy-metz.fr/dsden54-gtd/arts-et-culture54/sites/arts-et-culture54/IMG/pdf/les_arbres_de_mondrian-2.pdf"><span class="TextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0">Gray Tree</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW72885556 BCX0">, 1911, oil on canvas, The Hague, Municipal Museum of Modern Art</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW72885556 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<p>Here, the artist begins his journey into <strong>geometric abstraction</strong>. Vertical and horizontal forms begin to emerge through the branches and trunk of the tree.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/mondrian-composition-II.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226450" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Piet Mondrian, Composition II, 1980, oil on canvas, Paris, <a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/offre-aux-professionnels/enseignants/dossiers-ressources-sur-lart/naissance-de-lart-abstrait/piet-mondrian">Centre Pompidou</a></figcaption></figure>
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<p>In abstraction, you have to look at the details to see the artistic evolution of a painter. In his mature works, Mondrian developed his Tableau 2 module and used only the three primary colours. Here, he decided not to enclose the colour red horizontally. For the artist, verticality refers to the universe, while horizontality refers to the laws of nature.</p>
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<ul class="wp-block-list"><!-- wp:list-item {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<li>Suprematism  </li>
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<p><a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/offre-aux-professionnels/enseignants/dossiers-ressources-sur-lart/naissance-de-lart-abstrait/kasimir-malevitch"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0">Kasimir Malevich</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0"> (1879-1935) invented the principle of <a href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/suprematisme/"><strong>Suprematism</strong> </a>in 1915, which he explained in his pamphlet </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0"><em><strong>From Cubism and Futurism to Suprematism:</strong> </em>A New Pictorial Realism</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144822866 BCX0">. Thus, Suprematism is an aesthetic centered on pure form, free from external context. Form is the dominant element, while color becomes an autonomous element, used solely for its own sake.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW144822866 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/malevitch-croix-noire.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226452" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0">Kasimir Malevich, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0">Cross (black)</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135239913 BCX0">, 1915, oil on canvas, 80 x 80 cm, Paris,<a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/pompidou-plus/magazine/article/focus-sur-croix-noire-de-kasimir-malevitch"> Centre Pompidou</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW135239913 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/malevitch-composition-suprematiste.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226453" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0">Kasimir Malevich, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0">Suprematist Composition: Airplane in Flight</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW97694650 BCX0">, 1915, oil on canvas, 58.1 x 48.3 cm, New York, <a href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79269">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW97694650 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="TextRun SCXW163584817 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW163584817 BCX0">Branches of Abstraction</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW163584817 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></h2>
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<li>Orphism </li>
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<p><!-- /wp:list --><!-- wp:paragraph {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<p><a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/personne/cMde546"><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0"><strong>Robert Delaunay</strong> </span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">(1885-1941) is considered the father of </span></span><strong><a href="https://art-virtuoso.com/blogs/art-abstrait/orphisme?srsltid=AfmBOooozBPdSjrrBr-WLT4i1ORQnnJ4DmBxm8iyqpF1GTcfALoVlOlU"><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">Orphism</span></span></a></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">. His wife, </span></span><a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/offre-aux-professionnels/enseignants/dossiers-ressources-sur-lart/naissance-de-lart-abstrait/sonia-delaunay"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">Sonia Delaunay</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0"> (1885-1979), was also part of this movement. It is marked by the dominance of color, total abstraction, movement, and dynamism </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">rendered</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0"> by colored circles. The principle of simultaneity </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">remains</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0"> a key element of the movement. Inspired by Chevreul's work on the <em><strong>Law of Simultaneous Color Contrast,</strong> </em></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0">simultaneity</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW35398360 BCX0"> combines complementary colors to generate intense optical contrasts.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW35398360 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/robert-delaunay-helice-et-rythme.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226447" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0">Robert Delaunay, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0">Propeller and Rhythm</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW209135843 BCX0">, circa 1937, oil on paper, 72 x 83 cm, Paris, <a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/cEbxGA">Centre Pompidou</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW209135843 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/sonia-delaunay-tourbillon-abstrait-.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226445" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0">Sonia Delaunay, </span></span><a href="https://www.artchive.com/artwork/abstract-swirl-sonia-delaunay-c-1970/"><span class="TextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0">Abstract Whirlwind</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW185860744 BCX0">, c. 1970, lithograph on paper</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW185860744 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<ul class="wp-block-list"><!-- wp:list-item {"translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<li>Abstract Expressionism </li>
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<p><span class="TextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0">This movement </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0">emerged</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0"> in New York, United States, in the 1940s. It is also known as the New York School. Two strands </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0">emerged</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0"> from this movement: </span></span><a href="https://techniquejacksonpollock.wordpress.com/action-painting-et-expressionnisme-abstrait/"><em><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0">Action Painting</span></span></strong></em></a><span class="TextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0"> with <strong>Jackson Pollock</strong> and</span></span><strong><em><a href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/c/colour-field-painting"><span class="TextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252058997 BCX0">Colorfield</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0"> Painting</span></span></a></em></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252058997 BCX0"> with <strong>Mark Rothko</strong>, for example.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW252058997 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.beauxarts.com/grand-format/jackson-pollock-en-2-minutes/"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW238966466 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW238966466 BCX0">Jackson Pollock</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW238966466 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW238966466 BCX0"> (1912-1956) developed the <a href="https://www.amesauvage.com/blog/dripping-definition-et-caracteristiques-de-cette-technique-picturale-n739"><strong>dripping</strong></a> technique. This technique involves dripping or projecting paint onto a horizontal canvas. This requires the artist to use precise movements.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW238966466 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/pollock-poteaux-bleus.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226448" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0">Jackson Pollock, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0">Blue Posts</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW135079986 BCX0">, 1952, oil, enamel, aluminum paint, glass on canvas, Canberra, <a href="https://bluepoles.nga.gov.au/artwork/blue-poles/">National Gallery of Australia</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW135079986 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<p><span class="TextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW95098810 BCX0">Colorfield</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0"> painting </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0">emerged</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0"> in the 1950s and 1960s. This branch of <strong><a href="https://www.beauxarts.com/grand-format/lexpressionnisme-abstrait-en-2-minutes/">Abstract Expressionism</a> </strong></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0">departed</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95098810 BCX0"> from the religious, emotional, and spiritual aspirations that were present in the movement. "Color field painters," like Action Painting, focused more on the relationship between the artist's gestures and the work.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW95098810 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/rothko-N&#xB0;3-N&#xB0;13.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226446" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0">Mark Rothko (1903-1970),</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0"> No. 3/No. 13 (Magenta, Black, Green on Orange)</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW165966778 BCX0">, oil on canvas, 1949, New York, <a href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79687">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW165966778 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<li>Op Art and Minimalism </li>
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<p><a href="https://www.riseart.com/fr/article/2585/vasarely-en-10-oeuvres?srsltid=AfmBOoqMm21MezUTlIZmWtjF_Hl-K1PKAS90C3eeQFFhqY4N2D1atrcq"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0">Victor Vasarely</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0"> (1906-1997) is considered the father of </span></span><a href="https://www.composition.gallery/FR/glossaire/quest-ce-que-lop-art/"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0">Optical Art</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0">. His approach to abstract art was profoundly scientific. Moreover, he did not limit himself to canvas and created monumental works.<strong> Op Art</strong> involves </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0">utilizing</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW173626094 BCX0"> the properties of the human eye and creating an impression of depth and movement through optical illusions.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW173626094 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Vasarely-vega-nor.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226444" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0">Victor Vasarely, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0">Vega-Nor</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW101814372 BCX0">, 1969, oil on canvas, 200.03 x 200.03 cm, New York, <a href="https://www.singulart.com/blog/fr/2024/07/14/vega-nor-par-victor-vasarely/">Buffalo AKG Art Museum</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW101814372 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<p><a href="https://www.riseart.com/fr/guide/2508/quest-ce-que-lart-abstrait-minimaliste?srsltid=AfmBOoo2WMGIlGiS_iMqni59I_Pz92BFJUfns4MNMaoFuKc3XyEnMqpV"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">Minimalist</span></span></strong></a><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> artists such as</span></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> Frank Stella</span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> (1936-2024), </span></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">Donald Judd</span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> (1928-1994), </span></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">Carl André </span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">(1935-2024), and </span></span><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">Dan Flavin</span></span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> (1933-1996) focused on simplicity. </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW207767486 BCX0">Colors</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> were muted, </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW207767486 BCX0">shapes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> more rectilinear. The idea was to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">represent</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> clear forms. This movement contrasted with Abstract Expressionism. Indeed, the artist did not </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0">seek</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW207767486 BCX0"> to give meaning to his work, but rather to make it accessible to read. Emphasizing the materials rather than the artist's work.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW207767486 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1}"> </span></p>
<p><!-- /wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:image {"id":226458,"sizeSlug":"full","linkDestination":"none","align":"center","translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/judd-sans-titre.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226458" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0">Donald Judd, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0">Untitled, 1970</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW19236575 BCX0">, 1970, Galvanized iron and amber acrylic sheet, 22.9 x 101.6 x 78.7 cm, <a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/cGbErE7">Private collection</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW19236575 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
<p><!-- /wp:image --><!-- wp:image {"id":226459,"sizeSlug":"full","linkDestination":"none","align":"center","translatedWithWPMLTM":"1"} --></p>
<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/franck-stella-mariage-.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226459" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0">Frank Stella, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0">The Marriage of Reason and Misery, II</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW73130712 BCX0">, 1959, enamel on canvas, 230.5 x 337.2 cm, New York, <a href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/80316">MoMA</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW73130712 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://www.museumtv.art/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/andre-144-carres-detain.png" alt="" class="wp-image-226460" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><span class="TextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0">Carl André, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0">144 Tin Square</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW41687108 BCX0">, 1975, tin, 0.96 x 366 x 366 cm, Paris, <a href="https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/cGbErE7">Centre Pompidou</a></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW41687108 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}"> </span></figcaption></figure>
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<p>To find out more about artistic movements through the ages, find all our programmes and dedicated articles on our <a href="https://www.museumtv.art/en/"><strong>online platform.</strong></a></p>
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<p>Take advantage of the summer to (re)discover the great artistic movements on Museum TV. Every evening in July and August, immerse yourself in the world of your favorite artists.&#013;<br />
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<p>Every Thursday, from 6pm onwards on Museum TV and replayed on our video-on-demand platform, you'll have no more secrets about movement!</p>
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